Type 1 Diabetes Diagnosed and Treated by Top Diabetes Specialists

Type 1 diabetes occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin. The insulin is needed for glucose, or sugar, to enter cells and produce energy. When glucose is not absorbed into the cells it builds up in the bloodstream, causing high blood sugar levels. These high blood sugar levels cause the signs and symptoms of Type 1 diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes typically is diagnosed under the age of 30, with the incidence rate highest in children ages 12-14. There is no cure for Type 1 diabetes, but it can be managed by keeping blood sugar levels as close to normal as possible.

Type 1 diabetes usually has a sudden onset of signs and symptoms. Classic symptoms of Type 1 diabetes include:

• Frequent thirst (polydypsia)
• Frequent urination (polyuria)
• Excessive hunger (polyphagia)
• Unexpected weight loss
• Fatigue
• Blurry vision
• Fruity smelling breath

Symptoms of Type 1 diabetes may result in other conditions, including nausea, vomiting and ketoacidosis.

Type 1 diabetes can be diagnosed by using various blood tests:  

• Glycated Hemoglobin (A1C) test, used to determine average blood glucose levels
• Random blood sugar test
• Fasting blood sugar test

Though Type 1 diabetes cannot be cured, diabetes can be managed to help prevent complications. Patients diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes regularly visit an endocrinologist, as well as diabetes educators who will help develop a diabetes management plan. During appointments with an endocrinologist, A1C levels will be checked and blood and urine samples will be taken. 

Treatment of Type 1 diabetes consists of:

• Monitoring blood sugar or continuous glucose monitoring
• Taking insulin through a fine needle, insulin pen, or insulin pump
• Exercising
• Eating healthy
• Maintaining a healthy weight