Teresa P. Diaz-Montes, M.D., MPH, FACOG, Associate Director of The Lya Segall Ovarian Cancer Institute, Offers Insights into Ovarian Cysts

What are some symptoms of ovarian cysts that women should watch out for?

Not all ovarian cysts cause symptoms.  It is very normal for woman to have cysts that develop and resolve without any intervention.  Symptoms could be related to location and size of the cyst.  Some woman may experience pelvic pain, pain during the menstrual periods, pain during intercourse, back pain, pain while moving their bowels, pelvic pressure, sensation of fullness, abdominal distention, pressure in the bladder, frequent urination, nausea or vomiting.

How do cysts affect fertility?

Not all ovarian cysts affect fertility.  Some of the ovarian cysts that can affect fertility include endometriomas or cysts related to polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).  Endometriomas are related to endometriosis.  Endometriosis can cause fertility problems due to scar tissue formation.  PCOS is associated with irregular periods and high levels of androgenic hormones.  This can affect ovulation affecting possibility of getting pregnant.

What are some preventative things that women can do?

Not all ovarian cysts can be prevented.  Functional ovarian cysts, those associated with ovulation, can be prevented; ask your doctor about the best form of treatment.

--Teresa P. Diaz-Montes, M.D., MPH, FACOG

Dr. Diaz-Montes is a noted expert and gynecologic oncologist with The Gynecologic Oncology Center at Mercy, a leading Center in Baltimore for the treatment of cancers of the female reproductive tract. Dr. Teresa Diaz-Montes provides diagnosis and treatment for gynecologic cancers including ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, uterine cancer, vaginal cancer and vulvar cancer.